Influence of shielding gases on stud welding

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Abstract

Stud welding is an electric arc welding process used to quickly and efficiently attach studs and other metallic components to sheets or structural parts. It is widely applied across industrial sectors such as civil construction, shipbuilding, automotive, and petrochemical industries. The process involves generating an electric arc between the stud and the base material to melt the contact surfaces and join them under pressure. A critical factor influencing weld quality is the choice of shielding gas, which affects arc behavior and the characteristics of the resulting weld. This study investigates the impact of different shielding gases — pure CO₂, pure helium, pure argon, and the C15 mixture (85% argon and 15% CO₂) — on the stud welding process. The analysis focuses on the physicochemical properties of each gas and their effects on arc stability, energy input, and weld morphology. The results offer valuable insights for selecting the most suitable shielding gas for different applications and welding requirements, contributing to process optimization.
Keywords: stud welding, shielding gases, gas properties

Referência:
ROSA, A. F., BRASIL, L.M, VIVIANE, A.B., TARGINO, F. F., SILVA, R. H. G.. Influence of shielding gases on stud welding. COBEF 2025 - 13º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia de Fabricação, 7 a 9 de maio de 2025, Salvador, BA, Brasil